Health Breaking News: Link 252

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 252

 

TDR at Global Evidence Summit in Cape Town 13-16 September 2017 

The Role of the Private Sector in Global Health Security, Chatham House, London, 28 September 2017 

UK slips out of top 10 most generous nations as giving surges in developing countries 

Interview: BRICS to boost South-South cooperation, world development: UN official  

Combating Climate Change Impacts 

Air pollution in Europe: Countries struggle to meet emission limits due to emissions from agriculture and transport 

As flood waters rise, is urban sprawl as much to blame as climate change?  

Healthy Animals and the Future of a Continent: Behind Giving for Livestock in Africa 

China partners WFP to fight hunger in Zimbabwe 

Is China Really Helping Africa? 

What’s This Leading Tech Funder Up To in Africa? 

Scaling up Development Finance 

A development finance glossary 

Is India’s Expedited Examination Of Patents A Big Deal? 

Medicine movers: what it takes to reach every patient 

Now online: first independent framework for assessing pharma company action on AMR 

DNDi: More than EUR 56 million raised to fund initiative to fight antibiotic resistance 

WHO Prequalifies key treatment for children with TB 

Unitaid Board approves new grants to prevent tuberculosis in high-risk populations and increase TB diagnosis in children 

Hookworm, a disease of extreme poverty, is thriving in the US south. Why? 

WHO and HRP celebrate World Sexual Health Day 

Estimated economic impact of vaccinations in 73 low- and middleincome countries, 2001–2020 

MSF takes next steps to lower vaccine prices: Launch of innovative tool to help countries negotiate lower pneumonia vaccine prices 

Kymriah, the Novartis $475,000 CAR T treatment, received 50 percent Orphan Drug tax credit on trials 

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Text Message-Based Smoking Cessation Program for Young Adults in Lima, Peru: Pilot Study  

Researchers develop innovative methodology for evaluating benefits of new medicines 

Donor funding health policy and systems research in low- and middle-income countries: how much, from where and to whom 

UNPO Newsletter: July-August 2017 edition 

South Sudan: “Many people have known war and displacement for their entire life” 

Addressing vulnerability of pregnant refugees 

Human Rights Reader 421 

Tapping Bollywood to improve sanitation in India 

 

Zero Tolerance for FGM

Over 200 million girls and women living across 30 countries mainly in Africa as well as Middle-East and Asia share a common misery called genital mutilation / excision also known as female circumcision or Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). An additional 30 million girls are on the verge of submitting themselves into this practice in the coming decade.....The true extent of the abuse against children beginning as young as 7 and 9 years is much more than what we see in the numbers

By Jitendra Panda*

Country Director at Health Poverty Action

Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Somalia

Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation

Legalizing Menstrual Leave for Working Women Living with FGM

 

Women and children demand and deserve more than what our governments and civil societies are currently doing to stop FGM. Over 200 million girls and women living across 30 countries mainly in Africa as well as Middle-East and Asia share a common misery called genital mutilation / excision also known as female circumcision or Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). An additional 30 million girls are on the verge of submitting themselves into this practice in the coming decade. International migration of populations to developed countries such as UK, Germany, France, Italy or USA from conflict and war torn countries such as Somalia, Ethiopia, and South Sudan has caused the migration of FGM practice which has further exacerbated the problem in other countries.  A report on unrecorded female genital mutilation (FGM) in Germany, estimated that there are 58,000 women in the country who have been victims of female circumcision. An estimation figure of FGM by the Government of UK shows that more than 180,000 women and girls are living with FGM and a further 65,000 girls under the age of 13 are at risk of FGM.

Over the last three decades national and international efforts to reduce or stop FGM have only resulted into some significant reduction in a few countries. For example, FGM prevalence rates among girls aged 15 to 19 declined by 41 percentage points in Liberia, 31 in Burkina Faso, 30 in Kenya and 27 in Egypt. Sadly however, for many other countries like Somalia, Guinea and Djibouti, FGM practices continue unabated. FGM is banned by law in several countries in Africa and Europe. These numbers do not make many senses unless there are efforts to look into the lives behind these numbers. The true extent of the abuse against children beginning as young as 7 and 9 years is much more than what we see in the numbers.

In particular, the Zero Tolerance campaign castigates the tendency to equate the benefits of FGM to male circumcision, contending that in reality FGM unlocks severe consequences! The United Nations and many developed nations recognize female genital mutilation / cutting (FGM/C) as an illegal practice as well as violation of human rights as it unleashes both short-term and long-term negative effects on both the psychological and physical health of girls and women through its procedures which involve the rudimentary and painful partial or total removal of external female genitalia that always cause other form of injuries to the female organs and critically and terminally impairs a woman’s sexual and reproductive functions including the ability for normal passage of both urine and menstrual blood. Indeed many young girls die during the act of genital mutilation or circumcision due to excessive bleeding and many who are so lucky to survive into womanhood still face death during births because of FGM related complications.

In Somalia where I work, for example, above 90 per cent girls and women aged 15 to 49 are victims of FGM with the multitude of supporters and practitioners claiming that this adherence to the local socio-cultural norms is a healthy source of female chastity, hygiene and breeds family respect. The general believe in many people is that the practice maintains women’s virginity and reduces excessive desire for sex and so circumcised girls are likely to be considered as faithful and improve the chances of marriage and fertility. Just like many protagonist societies, the FGM practice in Somalia enjoys very strong moral, social protection and support from religious leaders, elders, family heads and even extended family/clan lineages. Among the Somali population, these very deeply-rooted cultural and social beliefs existing in the defense of FGM continue to dominate and defeat major efforts by any liberal government, civil society and/or non-governmental advocacy groups to discourage or criminalize the various forms of FGM practices leading to the lack of consent to develop laws and policies to stop FGM.

The controversies surrounding FGM or how to stop it has thus been a never ending struggle for Somali governments and civil societies as well. While the majority of faith-based groups and leaders are in favor of some sort of relaxation in the current practice, many governments’ institutions have made attempts to have it banned (zero tolerance). This so far has largely remained unconvincing for many key leaders and lawmakers. The advocacy for minor forms of FGM (type 1 or 2) expressed by some religious and traditional leaders is nowhere near to the ongoing efforts toward the zero tolerance.

The Zero Tolerance campaign  believes that medicalization of FGM will go against the Stop FGM movement as people will find ways to continue this practices at public and private medical institutions. Together with international agencies, civil societies and national governments, every citizen should continue to convince the decision-makers, whether government or religious institutions, to adopt strong political, legal and social measures to discourage FGM practices. I believe that the political leadership, support of religious institutions and coordination among international and the local civil society need to be harnessed to silence this practice and classify FGM as an offense.

As part of this global campaign, one of the many initiatives that we should add to the campaign is to advocate for one day leave in the beginning of monthly menstrual period for all female employees in non-profit, private and public sectors. The leave is given at the beginning of each menstrual cycle as commemoration of their self-reawakening and awareness of the detriments of FGM and their individual commitment as victims to our global Zero Tolerance campaign. It is not only an effort to help relieve their physical and mental pain (dysmenorrhea) in the beginning of monthly menstrual cycle but also to slow our solidarity and support to their fight against FGM.

We should encourage members of all global movement and all well-wishers to join particularly our mothers, women and young sisters in celebrating the beginning of each menstrual cycle for every female as a cherished sign of womanhood. At the same time we commit ourselves to fight against the practice for our future generation free from FGM. We want to envision every FGM-free and painless monthly menstrual period for every woman as special, free from daily chores and with the highest level of personal hygiene and physical rest possible for all. Our hope is that other institutions as well as our society will recognize this effort and work towards achieving a FGM-free society.

We are hopeful that as we stand side by side in this struggle, this day will not only continue to remind us all of the painful experiences women go through each day, but also challenge us to the collective resolve for Zero Tolerance to FGM across the globe.

————————————————–

*Disclaimer: The views and opinions present in this article are my own and do not necessarily reflect the official position of my organization or institutions that I work for or associated with.

 

 

 

Health Breaking News: Link 251

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 251

 

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Sesta Conferenza OMS Ambiente e Salute

…environmental degradation and pollution, climate change, exposure to harmful chemicals and the destabilization of ecosystems threaten the right to health, and disproportionately affect socially disadvantaged and vulnerable population groups , thereby exacerbating inequalities…. 
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 15 June 2017

by Daniele Dionisio

Membro, European Parliament Working Group on Innovation, Access to Medicines and Poverty-Related Diseases

Responsabile del Progetto Policies for Equitable Access to Health – PEAH http://www.peah.it/

Sesta Conferenza OMS Ambiente e Salute

equità e condivisione 

 

Il governo della Repubblica Ceca ha ospitato nella città di Ostrava dal 13 al 15 giugno 2017 la Sesta Conferenza Interministeriale su Ambiente e Salute della Regione Europea dell’OMS.

La Conferenza è stata organizzata dall’Ufficio Regionale OMS per l’Europa, in partenariato con l’ United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) e l’ United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Le priorità e le sfide per la salute

Le motivazioni della Conferenza discendono dall’evidenza che circa un milione e mezzo di decessi ogni anno nella Regione Europea sono causati da rischi ambientali che potrebbero essere evitati e/o eliminati. E’, pertanto, indilazionabile la necessità di intensificare il contrasto ai determinanti ambientali nocivi alla salute. Come è noto, essi includono l’inquinamento dell’aria, inadeguati servizi idrici e igienici, prodotti chimici pericolosi, rifiuti e siti contaminati, e scompensi climatici.

I vincoli di bilancio degli Stati Membri, le disuguaglianze socioeconomiche e di genere, la crescita delle patologie non trasmissibili, l’invecchiamento delle popolazioni, e un inaudito tasso di migrazione fra e dentro i Paesi della Regione hanno esacerbato cumulativamente le criticità  accennate. I complessi rapporti fra fattori ambientali, biologici, demografici, economici e sociali richiamano perciò all’urgenza di rafforzare la capacità di resistenza delle comunità verso le pressioni fisiche, naturali e sociali del 21mo secolo.

Nel corso della Conferenza i rappresentanti dei  53 Paesi della Regione hanno articolato nuove risposte a queste molteplici sfide elaborando sull’evidenza che la salvaguardia dell’ambiente è essenziale alla sopravvivenza dell’umanità. In questo spirito, accenti forti sono stati assunti sulla valenza transfrontaliera delle sfide ambientali, sulla necessità di azioni mirate non solo a livello nazionale, ma pure in ambito subnazionale e urbano, sull’importanza di identificare e tutelare le fasce più vulnerabili, e sulla imprescindibilità di una ‘governance’ aperta alla partecipazione dei cittadini e degli operatori di settore.

Lavorare in partenariato verso obiettivi globali

La Conferenza ha abbracciato la missione di promuovere sinergie chiave per gli obiettivi di salute, benessere e ambiente inclusi nel Programma ‘Health 2020’ per l’Europa e nell’Agenda 2030 delle Nazioni Unite (UN) per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile.

Focalizzando, infatti, sulla creazione di ambienti favorevoli e di comunità resistenti (fra i temi cardine di ‘Health 2020’), la Conferenza ha inteso assegnare alla strategia europea per la salute e l’ambiente il ruolo di piattaforma di implementazione, nella Regione Europea dell’ OMS, per gli inerenti goals e targets compresi nell’Agenda UN 2030 per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile.

Dichiarazione ministeriale per un’Europa protesa al futuro

Al termine della Conferenza gli Stati Membri hanno condiviso e siglato una dichiarazione comprensiva di un piano d’azione per la sua implementazione e dell’impegno di misurare e riferire sui progressi specifici attraverso i ‘reporting’ nazionali previsti per la verifica dei Goals di Sviluppo Sostenibile (SDGs) dell’Agenda UN 2030.

In armonia con lo spirito ed i contenuti della Conferenza, la Dichiarazione insiste sulla necessità che equità, inclusione sociale e uguaglianza di genere informino le politiche per l’ambiente e la salute, sull’urgenza della transizione da energie fossili a rinnovabili,  e sull’assoluta esigenza di tecnologie pulite e sicure, incluse soluzioni di ‘bassa emissione’ nei trasporti, nel contesto di un ridisegno coerente degli spazi e agglomerati urbani.

Particolare enfasi è posta dalla Dichiarazione su azioni chiave quali ‘sine qua non’ per il conseguimento degli obiettivi:

– miglioramento della qualità dell’aria  in linea con le linee guida OMS

-accesso universale, equo e sostenibile ad acqua potabile e  igiene personale e ambientale per tutti e in tutti gli ambiti

-lotta agli effetti tossici dei prodotti chimici mediante sostituzione con alternative accettabili, con stretta attenzione alle fasce più giovani e indifese

-sviluppo di programmi nazionali per l’eliminazione delle malattie legate all’asbesto

-espansione di  ambienti ‘tobacco smoke-free’, con particolare riguardo alla minore età

-prevenzione  ed eliminazione degli effetti nefasti dello smaltimento dei rifiuti, e delle connesse diseguaglianze

-applicazione in concreto dei principi e delle risoluzioni dell’Accordo sul Clima di Parigi 2015

-implementazione di coerenti ed efficaci politiche attraverso multipli livelli di ‘governance’, trasparenti assunzioni di responsabilità e migliori pratiche da parte delle leadership

-perfezionata  sostenibilità ambientale dei sistemi sanitari, inclusa la gestione dei rifiuti in termini di ridotta contaminazione esterna, oltre all’uso oculato e responsabile delle necessarie risorse e fonti energetiche.

Appropriatamente, il documento sostiene che le risoluzioni e azioni ‘ad hoc’  non possono esimersi dall’ adozione di mentalità e prassi  cooperative e multi-partecipative tese a migliorare, su base intersettoriale, la coerenza, la trasparenza, la coordinazione e la volontà collaborativa dei decisori a tutti i livelli al fine di scongiurare il rischio di duplicazione e frammentazione delle iniziative.

 

PER APPROFONDIRE

WHO Regional Office for Europe http://www.euro.who.int/en/home

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) https://www.unece.org/info/ece-homepage.html

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) http://www.unep.org/about/

Health 2020 http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-policy/health-2020-the-european-policy-for-health-and-well-being

United Nations 2030 Agenda https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld/publication

Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health http://www.euro.who.int/en/media-centre/events/events/2017/06/sixth-ministerial-conference-on-environment-and-health/read-more

Declaration of the Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/341944/OstravaDeclaration_SIGNED.pdf

 

 

 

Health Breaking News: Link 250

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 250

 

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Health Breaking News: Link 249

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 249

 

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Health Breaking News: Link 248

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 248

 

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Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 247

 

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Wide Area Malaria Vector Suppression

Richard Howe writes: Only one aircraft equipped with a pair of high pressure aerosol generators would be capable of treating over one million acres per night, using only 1/10 of the recommended amount of insecticide

By Richard Howe

 Application Dynamics 

School of hard knocks, aviation trades, pilot and aircraft mechanic

Punta Gorda, Florida USA

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this opinion piece are solely those of the author and are not associated with Policies for Equitable Access to Health - PEAH. PEAH refuses any responsibility or liability for the content, style or form of this post, which remain solely the responsibility of the author

Wide Area Malaria Vector Suppression 

 

Africa is the only continent that has not defeated malaria, and a host of vector-borne pathogens. Why not?

The endemic nature of this problem is due to ineffective intervention methods, that only exacerbate attempts to eliminate vector transmission by inducing resistance to insecticides, creating super bugs in the process. The solution, wide area vector suppression for the purpose of breaking the transmission cycle long enough to eliminate the ability of humans to infect the mosquitoes. Here in Florida where I live, up until about 1950 there was transmission of malaria, smallpox and dengue. The mosquitoes that transmitted these diseases are still here, however modern mosquito control methods removed pathogens from the human population who in turn, used to infected the mosquitoes.

The solution, quit squandering limited resources on ineffective interventions and dedicate them for elimination of the mosquito. How do you accomplish this? Using an aircraft equipped with a pair of high pressure aerosol generators. This method is capable of treating over one million acres per night using only one aircraft, dispensing insecticide. The system I would use has a demonstrated ability to accomplish this task using only 1/10 of the recommended amount of insecticide. The reason this works at dramatically reduced rates has to do with the fact it is a relatively new, and patented technology, that I have 20 million acres of experience with.

UNICEF reports 300,000 children die of malaria each year in Nigeria, in addition to a 11% maternal mortality. Harvard Health Policy Review, fall of 2001 Vol 2, reports 300 million cases of malaria annually in Nigeria with 2 to 3 million deaths. Humans are the smartest animals on God’s green Earth. Over a century ago a couple of bicycle mechanics invented the airplane. The first flight was only 123 feet, now you can get on an airliner and fly with 500 other people half way around the world on one tank of gas. 48 years ago my future wife and I were at Cape Canaveral and witnessed the launch of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on mankind’s first trip to the moon. And we are not capable of eliminating vector transmission of one of the smallest insects in the world. This oversight is not a question of ability, but will, in my opinion. It is imperative, we work smart and not hard. From my perspective, what the NGO community is doing is like watching an episode of the 1920’s film version of the Keystone Cops. To keep doing the same thing and expecting different results is, as Albert Einstein said, one definition of insanity. What is trending now are vaccines to accomplish elimination of vector diseases. Scientists have been working on this since World War 2 and it has not happened yet. These viruses and parasites are just too adaptable. In my opinion it is a fool’s errand. The Gates Foundation is spending hundreds of millions of dollars on this project that could be better utilized to simply break the transmission cycle. The cost of wide area vector suppression will only be a few pennies an acre, using the enhanced technology and application methods that I have developed over the years.

I would like to recommend a pilot program to prove concept. This should be done in the most endemic area of Nigeria, perhaps in the Southwestern part of the Country. Operationally it is imperative to find an insecticide that has not developed resistance. This presents a challenge because over the years every class of insecticide used in Africa has become resistant. I suspect we may have to formulate  a new compound for this effort, we are not going to win the war shooting blank ammunition. I have some ideas on how this can be accomplished and am confident it is possible.

The question, is the NGO community up to the challenge?

 

Health Breaking News: Link 246

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 246

 

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